For example, [1] Ibid , p. Improve this question. MetaEd Reliable Source Reliable Source 2 2 gold badges 4 4 silver badges 10 10 bronze badges. Please, don't use ibid - it's sheer laziness and makes the reader do your work.
Introduce a 'short title' at the first reference, and use that subsequently. You may then distinguish books of the same title with different short titles.
In any case, all this is subject to the conventions imposed by your specific publisher or discipline, and is thus beyond the scope of ELU to answer; for that reason I am voting to close it as Off Topic. First, mentioning authors is standard practice; that gets around your first conundrum. In your even more preposterous case a book entitled "Ibid" with no author , you wouldn't italicize "Ibid" nor put a period after it.
You'd say [1] Ibid p. But I'm afraid these scenarios seem more like inane cases than practical, real-world problems, so I concur with the vote to close. StoneyB: I don't understand your point about using Ibidem: the reader needs to do less work, because he only needs to read one word instead of several. This is how it's done conventionally, and I personally find it convenient, provided that it be used correctly, of course.
Cerberus If the reference is on the same page, or the same spread, bare ibid is acceptable; but often it's not; the reader has to page back to find the last reference. And very often you get "Jones, ibid , ", and the reader must scan many preceding notes to find the last work by Jones cited. Ibid and op cit and the latterday inline citations are devices to save the writer trouble and the publisher cost at the reader's expense. StoneyB: Oh, that is totally unacceptable!
Ibidem can only be used to refer to a work physically next to and preceding it. Referring to the previous page or to a couple of notes back on the same page is unacceptable. Lastly, I often see "Jones , ", which I think is annoying, because a year is too meaningless, does not serve to identify the work: one should use short titles there "Jones, Ostracised , ".
Show 2 more comments. Active Oldest Votes. I hope you will be able to sleep tonight with this advice. Improve this answer. Your in-text citation provides the page number information.
When a footnote must be placed at the end of a clause,1 add the number after the comma. When a footnote must be placed at the end of a sentence, add the number after the period. Numbers denoting footnotes should always appear after punctuation, with the exception of one piece of punctuation3—the dash.
Yes, you can use footnotes in MLA style, but they are not common. They can be used to provide additional content or if the bibliographic citation is complicated. Chicago format almost always has footnotes or endnotes. It may or may not include a page number Ibid. Example: Using APA allows students to have consistency with other writings in their field of study Grammer, For more details on trade and shipping in this period see PP, c, and ibid. Daniel Silver, a terrific young London sculptor, was in and out of his gallery, ibid Projects.
A letter from Adam to Senchia, Richards wife, is extant, ibid. When citing the same source in multiple footnotes one after the other, cite the source in full the first time, and then use the abbreviated form for all subsequent citations until another source is cited p.
This depends on how you are citing them. If you are citing them in-text more than once, and you are referring to the same source each time, then you can simply reuse that same in-text reference with a single entry on your references page at the end.
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